grind

grind [grīnd]

vt.

ground, grinding [ME grinden < OE grindan < IE * ghrendh < base * ghren-, to rub away, pulverize > GROUND¹]

1.

a) to crush into bits or fine particles between two hard surfaces; pulverize

b) to chop into small pieces or fine particles by means of sharp metal blades [to grind coffee beans]

2. to afflict with cruelty, hardship, etc.; crush; oppress [a people ground by tyranny]

3. to sharpen, shape, or smooth by friction

4. to press down or together with a crushing, turning motion; rub harshly or gratingly [to grind one's teeth]

5. to operate by turning the crank of [to grind a coffee mill]

6. to make or produce by grinding

vi.

1. to perform the act of grinding something

2. to be capable of being ground; undergo grinding

3. to grate

4. Informal to work or study hard and steadily

☆ 5. Slang to move the hips in a circular motion, as in striptease dancing

n.

1. the act or operation of grinding

2. the degree of fineness of something ground into particles

3. long, difficult, tedious work or study; drudgery

☆ 4. Informal a student who studies very hard

☆ 5. Slang a circular movement of the hips made by or as by a striptease dancer

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grind out

to produce by steady or laborious, often uninspired, effort

grindingly

adv.